Faits sur : Chinese cooking techniques
Contenu disponible uniquement en anglais
Chinese cooking techniques are a set of methods and techniques traditionally used in Chinese cuisine. The cooking techniques can either be grouped into ones that use a single cooking method or a combination of wet and dry cooking methods.
Single
Many cooking techniques involve a singular type of heated cooking or action.
Wet
Wet-heat, immersion-based cooking methods are the predominant class of cooking techniques in Chinese cuisine and are usually referred to as zhǔ (煮). In fact, this class of techniques is so common and important that the term zhǔ is commonly used to denote cooking in general.
Quick immersion
Quick wet-heat based immersion cooking methods include:
(...)Prolonged immersion
Prolonged wet-heat based immersion cooking methods include:
(...)Steaming
Steaming food is a wet cooking technique that has a long history in Chinese cuisine dating back to neolithic times, where additional food was cooked by steaming over a vessel of food being cooked by other wet cooking techniques.
(...)Dry
Air-based
Food preparation in hot dry vessels such as an oven or a heated empty wok include:
(...)Oil-based
Oil-based cooking methods are one of the most common in Chinese cuisine and include:
(...)Stir frying
Kian Lam Kho identifies five distinct techniques of stir frying:
(...)Without heat
Food preparation techniques not involving the heating of ingredients include:
(...)Image: Kent Wang from (optional) / CC BY-SA 2.0 / en.wikipedia.org
Combination
Several techniques in Chinese involve more than one stage of cooking and have their own terms to describe the process. They include:
- Dòng (凍): The technique is used for making aspic but also used to describe making of various gelatin desserts
- Simmering meat for a prolonged period in a broth (滷; Lǔ) or (炖; dùn)
- Chilling the resulting meat and broth until the mixture gels
- Hùi (燴): The dishes made using this technique are usually finished by thickening with starch (勾芡; gōuqiàn)
- Quick precooking in hot water (燙; tàng)
- Finished by stir-frying (爆; bào, 炒; chǎo) and 燒; shāo)
- Liū (溜): This technique is commonly used for meat and fish. Pre-fried tofu is made expressly for this purpose.
- Deep frying (炸; zhá) the ingredients until partially cooked
- Finishing the ingredients by lightly braising (燒; shāo) them to acquire a soft "skin"
- Mēn (燜):
- Stir-frying (爆; bào or 炒; chǎo) the ingredients until partially cooked
- Cover and simmer (燒; shāo) with broth until broth is fully reduced and ingredients are fully cooked.