Khirokitia

Khirokitia is a remarkable archaeological site that offers a window into the Neolithic period of Cyprus. This prehistoric settlement, also known as Choirokoitia, is situated on the island's southern coast and dates back to approximately 7000 BC. Recognized for its significant contribution to our understanding of early human communities in the Eastern Mediterranean, Khirokitia has been inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

The site is renowned for its well-preserved architectural remains, which showcase the early development of defensive and domestic structures. The inhabitants of Khirokitia built circular mud-brick houses, which were often clustered together to form a protective wall against potential invaders and the elements. These dwellings were ingeniously constructed with flat roofs, which could be accessed by ladders and served as additional living space.

Excavations at Khirokitia have revealed a wealth of information about the Neolithic Cypriots, including their sophisticated agricultural practices and animal husbandry. The community cultivated cereals, legumes, and almonds, and they domesticated sheep, goats, and pigs, which was a significant step in the evolution of settled, agrarian societies.

Archaeologists have also unearthed a variety of stone tools and ornaments, such as beads and pendants, which provide insight into the technological and artistic skills of the era. The burial customs of the Khirokitia inhabitants, which involved placing the dead within the settlement in a fetal position, often accompanied by offerings, reflect the social and religious beliefs of the community.