Black caracara

The black caracara is a captivating bird of prey from the Falconidae family, commonly found in the Amazon lowlands and French Guiana. Locally known by various names, it is considered a resident species that does not migrate. This omnivorous bird exhibits diverse feeding habits, including hunting, scavenging, and foraging.

First described in 1816, the black caracara is easily identified by its glossy black feathers and distinctive white band at the base of its tail. It inhabits subtropical and tropical moist lowland forests in several South American countries.

Recent genetic studies have led to a reclassification, distinguishing the black caracara from its closest relative, the red-throated caracara, into different genera due to their distinct ancestries. The population of black caracaras is estimated to be between 1,000 and 10,000 individuals. Despite a decline over the past decade, the species is not considered critically endangered thanks to its adaptability to fragmented forests and its varied diet.

Black caracaras are social birds often observed in pairs or small groups. They are known for their continuous flapping flight, walking along riverbanks, and perching in tall trees. Fascinatingly, they have a mutualistic relationship with tapirs, removing ticks from the large mammals. Their diet includes hunting small animals, scavenging, and even fishing for small fish in rivers. Their calls are harsh and piercing, especially during flight, although little is known about their breeding behaviors.