Broad-winged hawk

The broad-winged hawk is a small yet captivating bird of prey belonging to the Buteo genus. During the summer, you can observe them across various regions of North America. As winter approaches, they migrate to the warmer neotropics. Interestingly, females are slightly larger than males, and both possess short, broad wings. These hawks exhibit two color morphs: dark and light. Although their overall population remains stable, certain breeding areas are experiencing declines, primarily due to forest fragmentation.

In terms of appearance, broad-winged hawks measure between 32 to 44 cm in length and weigh approximately 265 to 560 grams. They feature a distinctive dark brown body complemented by a white belly and chest adorned with horizontal bars. There are six recognized subspecies of these hawks, largely classified by their geographic location, with some residing in the Caribbean year-round.

Broad-winged hawks inhabit a diverse range of environments, extending from Canada to Brazil. They prefer deciduous forests for breeding and venture into wetlands and meadows for foraging. During migration, they congregate in large flocks and utilize thermals to glide southward in the fall. Despite localized population declines, the species is currently classified as "Least Concern" on the IUCN Red List.

Communication is crucial for these hawks, especially regarding territorial defense. Their diet is diverse, encompassing small mammals, reptiles, and birds. During the breeding season, they form lifelong pairs and typically produce one brood per year, with males assisting in chick-rearing. Nests are usually built in deciduous trees, and the females primarily handle egg incubation. The chicks are altricial, requiring significant care before fledging.

Broad-winged hawks are diligent parents and can exhibit aggressive behavior towards potential threats. Predators such as raccoons, crows, and owls may target their eggs and nestlings, but the hawks vigorously defend their young.