Abbey of Saint-Étienne, Caen

Nestled in the heart of Caen, France, the Abbey of Saint-Étienne stands as a testament to the city's rich medieval history. This former monastery, also known as the Abbaye aux Hommes ("Men's Abbey"), is a masterpiece of Norman Romanesque architecture and a significant historical site.

Founded by William the Conqueror in 1063, the Abbey of Saint-Étienne was part of a penance imposed by the Pope for William's marriage to his cousin Matilda of Flanders, which was deemed inappropriate by the church. As a result, William and Matilda founded two abbeys in Caen: the Abbey of Saint-Étienne for men and the Abbey of Sainte-Trinité for women.

The abbey church, dedicated to Saint Stephen, was consecrated in 1077 and became the burial place of William the Conqueror himself after his death in 1087. Visitors today can still see his original tombstone, although his remains have been disturbed over the centuries.

The architecture of the Abbey of Saint-Étienne is a striking example of Romanesque style, with its robust and harmonious lines, massive columns, and semicircular arches. The church's façade is particularly noteworthy, with its two large towers flanking a central window and a beautifully detailed portal.

Inside, the church's nave is impressive with its vaulted ceilings and the sense of verticality that characterises Norman ecclesiastical buildings. The ambulatory and radiating chapels are also of interest to those keen on architectural history and medieval religious practices.

Throughout the centuries, the abbey has undergone various modifications, including the addition of Gothic elements during the 13th century. Despite these changes, the essence of the original Romanesque structure remains intact, allowing visitors to step back in time and experience the grandeur of the Norman period.

Today, the Abbey of Saint-Étienne is not only a tourist attraction but also serves as the town hall of Caen. Its cloister is a place of serenity, and the gardens offer a peaceful retreat from the bustling city.