Harlequin duck

The Harlequin Duck, a small and striking sea duck, derives its name from the colorful Harlequin character in Commedia dell'arte. It boasts an array of nicknames, including lords and ladies, painted duck, totem pole duck, rock duck, glacier duck, mountain duck, white-eyed diver, squeaker, and blue streak. Adult males, particularly during the breeding season, exhibit a dazzling array of colors and patterns, while females present a more demure appearance.

These ducks favor cold, fast-moving streams and are found in North America, Greenland, Iceland, and eastern Russia. They nest near streams and spend their winters along rugged shorelines. Sadly, the eastern North American population of Harlequin Ducks is declining due to habitat destruction and oil spills.

Harlequin Ducks are adept at feeding underwater. They swim, dive, and dabble to capture mollusks, crustaceans, and insects. Their feathers are buoyant and insulating, helping them stay warm in frigid waters. These ducks are monogamous, often forming long-term pair bonds during the winter mating season. Both males and females exhibit a strong preference for and loyalty to their partners.

Interestingly, the Harlequin Duck is the sole species in its genus, with two prehistoric relatives known from fossils. Their taxonomy is debated; some scholars recognize the Eastern and Western populations as two subspecies, but this classification remains uncertain. Traditionally, they are considered a single species with distinct regional populations.