Shahr-e Sukhteh

Shahr-e Sukhteh, often referred to as the Burnt City, is an archaeological site of great significance located in southeastern Iran. This prehistoric urban settlement, dating back to 3200 BC, spans an area of over 151 hectares and offers a profound glimpse into the early urbanization process in the Bronze Age.

The site was discovered in 1967 and has since been a focus of extensive archaeological research. Excavations at Shahr-e Sukhteh have unearthed a wealth of information about the sophisticated civilization that once thrived there. Among the findings are intricate artifacts, including pottery, tools, and ornaments, as well as an advanced urban structure featuring residential zones, manufacturing areas, and even a complex water management system with canals.

One of the most remarkable discoveries at Shahr-e Sukhteh is the world's earliest known artificial eyeball, which was found in the remains of a woman. The city also provides early evidence of brain surgeries and the development of proto-writing symbols that predate cuneiform. These findings highlight the city's role as a hub of innovation and cultural exchange in its time.

The layout of the city suggests that it was meticulously planned with separate residential and industrial sectors, indicating a high level of social organization. The ruins also reveal that the city suffered from catastrophic events, possibly earthquakes or fires, which led to its eventual abandonment around 1800 BC.