Iberian ibex

The Iberian ibex, also known as the Spanish ibex or Spanish wild goat, is a captivating species native to the Iberian Peninsula. Originally, there were four subspecies, but only two remain today. The Portuguese ibex went extinct in 1892, and the Pyrenean ibex followed in 2000, although a cloning experiment briefly revived it in 2003.

Scientifically named Capra pyrenaica, the Iberian ibex is well-adapted to life in mountainous regions. These agile animals possess large hooves and short legs, enabling them to navigate steep slopes and evade predators. Males, larger than females, boast impressive, uniquely curved horns.

During the mating season, males and females come together, forming mixed groups in winter. After mating, females give birth and raise their young separately, while males return to their all-male groups. When threatened, ibexes use alarm calls to warn each other and quickly retreat to rocky, hard-to-reach areas.

The Iberian ibex's diet varies seasonally, ranging from browsing to grazing based on food availability. They have specialized kidney mechanisms to store fat, providing energy during the harsh winter months when food is scarce. Unfortunately, they face several threats, including hunting, habitat loss, disease outbreaks, and human disturbances such as tourism.

Among the remaining subspecies are the Western Spanish ibex (Gredos Ibex) and the Southeastern Spanish ibex (Beceite Ibex). Conservation efforts are ongoing to protect these remaining populations and ensure their survival despite the challenges they face.