Library of Pergamum, Bergama

The Library of Pergamum, an ancient architectural marvel, is nestled in the historic city of Bergama, Turkey. Once a monumental tribute to the pursuit of knowledge, it was considered one of the most significant libraries of the ancient world, alongside the Library of Alexandria. Established during the Hellenistic period, the library flourished under the Attalid dynasty, with its zenith in the 2nd century BC.

Although the original structure no longer survives, the remnants of this center of learning stand as a testament to the rich cultural and intellectual history of ancient Pergamon. The ruins are situated on a hill with panoramic views of the modern town of Bergama, offering visitors a glimpse into the past where scholars once pondered over scrolls of papyrus and parchment.

The library was reported to have housed approximately 200,000 volumes, a collection so revered that it became a nucleus of academic activity. The competition with the Library of Alexandria was so intense that it was said the latter restricted the export of papyrus to Pergamum in an attempt to curb its growth. This rivalry allegedly led to the innovation of parchment in Pergamum, which became a widely used writing material.

For the modern tourist, a visit to the Library of Pergamum is a journey back to an era where philosophy, science, and literature were paramount. The site offers a unique opportunity to walk through the remnants of the library's columned hallways and imagine the scholarly debates that once echoed off these walls. Informative signs and reconstructions aid in visualizing the grandeur of the past.

While the library itself is the highlight, the entire archaeological site of Pergamum is rich with history, featuring an acropolis, a theater, and various temples. The ruins are accessible via cable car, providing an added adventure to the experience.

Visitors to Bergama should allocate ample time to explore the Library of Pergamum and the surrounding ancient city. The site is open to the public year-round, and it's advisable to arrive early to avoid the crowds and the heat of the midday sun. Comfortable walking shoes are recommended as the terrain can be uneven.