Ugandan red colobus

The Ugandan red colobus, also known as the ashy red colobus, is an endangered primate species formally identified in 2001. However, there is still ongoing debate as to whether it constitutes a distinct species or a subspecies. These Old World monkeys inhabit five distinct regions in Uganda and Tanzania.

Distinguished by their rust-red caps, dark faces, and diverse coat colors, these monkeys also possess long tails that aid in balancing while climbing and leaping. As folivores, their diet primarily consists of leaves but also includes bark, seeds, and fruits. Sexual dimorphism is prominent in this species, with males being significantly larger than females.

The Ugandan red colobus lives in multi-male social groups characterized by a complex structure. They engage in extensive grooming and exhibit fission-fusion dynamics while foraging. Notably, they frequently associate with other primate species, which may provide protection against predators such as chimpanzees and crowned eagles.

Breeding occurs year-round, though most births align with the wetter months. Unfortunately, these monkeys face severe threats from habitat loss, fragmentation, and predation. Due to these challenges and their declining population, they are listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Conservation efforts are in place to protect both the monkeys and their habitats, offering hope for their continued survival.