McGraw Ranch, Rocky Mountain National Park

The McGraw Ranch, also known as the Indian Head Ranch, the =Y Ranch and the =X Ranch, was established in the Cow Creek valley near Estes Park, Colorado by Peter J. Pauley, Jr. who built a barn at his 160-acre =Y Ranch in 1884, running 2500 head of cattle on the land. The land was sold in 1897 to Hugo S. Miller, who worked with Henry C. Rouse to expand the property to a thousand acres. In 1907 Miller and his wife inherited the lands from Rouse and were visited by Joh J. and Irene McGraw, who leased the property the next summer and purchased it in 1909, changing the brand to =X. ()