Yellow-banded Poison Frog

The yellow-banded poison dart frog, also known as the yellow-headed poison dart frog or bumblebee poison frog, is a captivating member of the Dendrobates genus within the Dendrobatidae family. Its scientific name is Dendrobates leucomelas, and it is predominantly found in northern South America, particularly in Venezuela, as well as parts of Guyana, Brazil, and Colombia. These frogs flourish in humid tropical rainforests near freshwater sources, where they can be observed on rocks, trees, plants, and amidst the leaf litter on the forest floor. They are notably adaptable, thriving in various humidity levels and elevations, with typical temperature ranges from the low 20s to low 30s degrees Celsius.

This species ranks among the larger members of its genus, averaging about 4 cm in length and weighing approximately 3 grams. They are easily identifiable by their bright yellow bodies decorated with black stripes and spots—a prime example of aposematic coloration, which serves as a warning to potential predators. Their adhesive toe pads are well-suited for climbing, and they use their sticky tongues to capture prey. These frogs are diurnal and are noted for their territorial behavior and loud calls, which they use to both defend their territory and attract mates. Uniquely, they are the only known species of poison dart frog to enter a state of dormancy, known as estivation, during dry periods.

The yellow-banded poison dart frog secretes potent neurotoxins through its skin, derived from its diet of specific arthropods. These toxins are strong enough to disrupt nerve impulses. Despite their toxicity, the species is listed as "Least Concern" on the IUCN Red List. This is due to their abundant population, broad distribution, and adaptability. Although there is some concern about overharvesting for the exotic pet trade, the species can be bred in captivity, which has helped lower their market value and mitigate the threat of overharvesting.