African black duck

The African black duck, a member of the Anas genus, is closely related to the mallard but distinguishes itself through unique behaviors and distinct appearance. Owing to these differences, it is temporarily classified within the subgenus Melananas until further research clarifies its taxonomy. This medium-sized duck is predominantly black with white markings on its back, has a dark bill, and striking orange legs and feet. It inhabits central and southern Africa, and is also referred to as the black river duck, West African black duck, or Ethiopian black duck.

Primarily found in eastern and southern sub-Saharan Africa, the African black duck's range extends from South Africa to South Sudan and Ethiopia. There are also populations in western equatorial Africa, including Nigeria, Cameroon, and Gabon. Known for being shy and territorial, these ducks are typically observed in pairs or small groups. They breed throughout the year; the female incubates the eggs for about 30 days and cares for the young for up to 86 days until they fledge. Generally, the female lays between 4 and 8 eggs.

Ecologically, the African black duck favors rivers and streams during the day but moves to larger bodies of water at night. It constructs cup-shaped nests from driftwood and matted grass near running water, ensuring they are positioned above flood levels. As omnivores, their diet is varied and includes larvae, pupae, various aquatic animals, plant material, seeds, small fish, snails, and crabs.