Gambian epauletted fruit bat

The Gambian epauletted fruit bat is a captivating species of megabat belonging to the family Pteropodidae. These tropical bats, known for traveling in groups, inhabit various African countries. They flourish in diverse habitats, including subtropical or tropical dry forests, dry savannas, and moist savannas. Unfortunately, they face several threats, such as habitat loss, pesticide exposure from contaminated fruit, human disturbances, and over-collection.

These bats are easily recognizable by their grayish-brown fur and distinctive white patches at the base of their ears. Males are generally larger than females and possess unique gland-like pouches on their shoulders that resemble epaulettes.

Their diet is primarily frugivorous, meaning they mainly consume fruit. They possess a keen sense of sight and smell, which aids them in locating food and communicating within their colonies. While figs are their preferred choice, they also enjoy bananas, mangoes, guavas, and nectar. They exhibit a complex social structure and form strong bonds within their groups.

Reproduction in these bats is noteworthy. Males attract females by emitting mating calls and displaying their epaulettes. Following mating, the gestation period lasts about six months, and the newborns grow rapidly.

Their habitat range is extensive, spanning from southern Zaire to South Africa and from Sudan to Senegal. These adaptable creatures can thrive in various environments, such as dry and moist savannas, forests, and even agricultural areas. They typically roost in small groups or alone, in locations like tree hollows, foliage, and sheds.

It is important to note that, although bats are often blamed for carrying diseases like rabies, less than 0.5% of bats are actually rabid in most areas. Nevertheless, rabies is a serious disease that can be transmitted to humans through bites, so any bite should be treated with immediate medical attention.