Rhinella atacamensis

The Rhinella atacamensis, commonly known as the Vallenar toad or Atacama toad, belongs to the Bufonidae family and is indigenous to Chile. This species is predominantly found in the region extending from Paposo to Las Chilcas, thriving in coastal desert areas with Mediterranean influences, often near oases and streams.

In terms of breeding, the Vallenar toad prefers permanent pools, streams, and rivers. Although it can be quite abundant in certain locales, the overall population has been declining, with some local populations having completely disappeared.

The Vallenar toad faces several threats, including prolonged droughts, water pollution, and the extraction of surface water. Moreover, mining activities, agriculture, livestock farming, and timber plantations also pose significant risks to its survival.