École nationale d'administration, Strasbourg

The École nationale d'administration was a French grande école, created in 1945 by President Charles de Gaulle and principal author of the Constitution Michel Debré, to democratise access to the senior civil service. It was closed on December 31, 2021 and replaced by the Institut national du service public. The ENA selected and undertook initial training of senior French officials. It was considered to be one of the most academically exceptional French schools, both because of its low acceptance rates and because a large majority of its candidates have already graduated from other elite schools in the country. Thus, within French society, the ENA stood as one of the main pathways to high positions in the public and private sectors. ()