Hosay

Hosay is a vibrant Indo-Caribbean Muslim festival celebrated in countries such as Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, and Jamaica. In Trinidad and Tobago, the festival's highlight is the creation of colorful model mausoleums, or mosque-shaped tombs, known as Tadjahs. These intricate structures are meticulously crafted, paraded through the streets, and ceremonially taken to the sea on the final day of the festival, where they are respectfully disposed of.

Spanning ten days, Hosay aligns with the Islamic lunar calendar and the ten days of Ashura observed by Shia Muslims worldwide. Although it traditionally commemorates Husayn, the festival has evolved to incorporate elements from Sunni Islam, Hinduism, and Christianity, showcasing a rich tapestry of cultural and religious influences. This blend fosters an atmosphere of fasting, prayer, and vibrant cultural displays that attract both Muslims and non-Muslims, promoting mutual respect and tolerance.

The origins of Hosay lie in the Shia Muslim remembrance of Muharram, named after Husayn, who was martyred in Karbala. While it is primarily celebrated in certain regions of Trinidad and Tobago and Jamaica, the festival has also seen a revival in other areas. The event features elaborate processions with decorated Tadjahs and rhythmic drumming, culminating in the symbolic act of casting the Tadjahs into the sea. Although it began as a religious observance for Shias, Hosay has become a significant part of Trinidad's national culture, with diverse communities participating in the festivities.

The tradition of Hosay was brought to the Caribbean by Muslim indentured laborers and migrants from India, especially from regions such as Gujarat, Rajasthan, Bihar, and Lucknow. The festival's history in Trinidad dates back to 1854. In the 1880s, British colonial authorities attempted to suppress public Hosay commemorations, leading to a tragic event known as the Muharram Massacre or Hosay Riots in 1884. During this incident, police opened fire on the procession in San Fernando, resulting in numerous deaths and injuries.