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Phở is a beloved Vietnamese soup that combines a flavorful broth, rice noodles, herbs, and meat. It is a staple in Vietnam, found in homes, street stalls, and restaurants across the nation, and is often regarded as the country's national dish. Phở first emerged in northern Vietnam in the early 20th century and gained global prominence following the Vietnam War. However, its precise origins remain somewhat elusive due to limited historical documentation.

In its early days, phở was sold by street vendors who carried mobile kitchens on poles. Over time, distinct styles of phở developed, particularly between the northern (Hanoi) and southern (Saigon) regions. These variations differ in noodle thickness, broth sweetness, and herb selections. The dish underwent significant transformation after the 1954 partition of Vietnam, becoming especially popular in the South. Over the years, phở establishments have adapted to changes brought about by nationalization and privatization.

When Vietnamese refugees fled the country after the Vietnam War, they brought phở with them, introducing it to many parts of the world. In the United States, phở became particularly popular in the 1990s, leading to a surge in phở restaurants nationwide. Today, phở is celebrated globally, with events like Pho Day marking its international appreciation.

The word "phở" itself has debated origins, with some attributing it to French and Cantonese influences. Within Vietnam, regional variations of phở feature different ingredients, broths, and garnishes. There are also unique versions of phở, such as those using seafood or tofu. Noteworthy phở establishments in Vietnam include Phở Gia Truyền and Phở Thìn in Hanoi, and Phở Hùng and Phở Hòa Pasteur in Saigon.

Phở's international appeal is evident with chains like Pho 24 in Vietnam and Phở Hòa in the U.S. Some restaurants even offer phở eating challenges or serve oversized portions. As it continues to evolve, phở remains a dish that brings people together, with new variations and interpretations being enjoyed around the world.