Masked lapwing

The masked lapwing, also known as the masked plover or spur-winged plover, is a striking bird native to Australia, New Zealand, and New Guinea. Recognized for its unique calls and protective swooping behavior during the nesting season, this bird is a fascinating member of the subfamily Vanellinae, distinct from the plover subfamily Charadriinae. There are two notable subspecies: *Vanellus miles miles* and *Vanellus miles novaehollandiae*, with the latter occasionally considered a separate species called the black-shouldered lapwing.

First described by Georges-Louis Leclerc in 1781, the masked lapwing belongs to the Charadriidae family and is the largest member within this group. It boasts an impressive wingspan of 75–85 cm and features a distinctive yellow spur on each wing. Always vigilant, even when at rest, these birds are known for their diverse vocalizations. They typically inhabit wetlands and open areas but are highly adaptable, thriving in varied environments including arid regions and coastlines.

One of the masked lapwing's most intriguing behaviors is its bold nesting strategy. They often construct nests in open spaces such as parks, gardens, and even rooftops. Fiercely territorial, these birds aggressively defend their nests by swooping down and attacking perceived threats. Contrary to popular myth, their yellow spur does not inject venom. While their attacks are most intense against birds, cats, and dogs, they tend to become less aggressive as their chicks mature. Although the birds may occasionally get injured during these defensive maneuvers, they generally recover well.

Masked lapwings usually live in pairs or family groups, with their chicks maturing fully within 4 to 5 months. They spend a significant amount of time on the ground, feeding on worms and insects. Despite the disturbances they face from humans, pets, and vehicles in urban areas, these resilient birds have a lifespan of around 16 years.