Peter and Paul Fortress, Saint Petersburg

The Peter and Paul Fortress is a historic citadel located in the heart of Saint Petersburg, Russia. Founded by Peter the Great in 1703, this fortress is not only an emblem of the city but also a museum that recounts the rich tapestry of Saint Petersburg's past. Nestled on the small Hare Island by the Neva River, the fortress was originally built for defense purposes but has served various roles throughout its history.

The centerpiece of the fortress is the Peter and Paul Cathedral, a striking example of Russian Orthodox architecture with its gilded spire reaching a height of 122.5 meters, making it one of the tallest orthodox edifices in the world. This cathedral is the burial place of almost all Russian tsars from Peter the Great onward, including the last Russian monarch, Nicholas II, and his family, who were reinterred here in 1998.

Within the fortress walls, visitors can explore several permanent exhibitions. These include the history of Saint Petersburg, the era of Peter the Great, and the development of Russian military engineering. Moreover, the fortress houses the Trubetskoy Bastion Prison, which once held some of Russia's most prominent political prisoners during the tsarist era.

The Peter and Paul Fortress also plays host to various temporary exhibitions and cultural events, adding to its vibrancy as a living museum. The fortress grounds offer stunning views of the city and are a popular place for locals and tourists alike to stroll and enjoy the riverside ambiance.