Grizzled giant squirrel

The grizzled giant squirrel, scientifically known as *Ratufa macroura*, is a remarkable tree squirrel indigenous to Sri Lanka and parts of southern India. This extraordinary species is currently classified as near threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) due to habitat loss and hunting pressures.

These squirrels derive their name from the white flecks interspersed throughout their greyish-brown fur, giving them a grizzled appearance. Though the smallest among the giant squirrels of the Indian subcontinent, they are still quite large, with a total length ranging from 50 to 90 cm.

Grizzled giant squirrels have excellent vision, although their hearing is not as acute. They are known for their loud, shrill calls and a distinctive low "churr" sound used to communicate with other squirrels. Their hands and feet boast broad, soft pads and sharp claws, making them adept at gripping tree branches.

In India, these squirrels can be found in various wildlife sanctuaries and forest divisions, including the Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary in Tamil Nadu. Their diet is diverse, consisting of fruits, nuts, insects, bird eggs, and tree bark. They are predominantly arboreal, meaning they spend nearly all their time in trees and seldom come down to the ground. Interestingly, they use their hind feet for balance rather than their tails.

Three recognized subspecies of the grizzled giant squirrel exist, each with its own distinct coloration and geographic range: *Ratufa macroura macroura*, *Ratufa macroura dandolena*, and *Ratufa macroura melanochra*. Each subspecies possesses unique physical characteristics and specific habitats, making them fascinating subjects for further study and conservation efforts.