Black-naped monarch

The black-naped monarch, also known as the black-naped blue flycatcher, is a slender, agile bird native to southern and southeastern Asia. These charming birds inhabit tropical forests and are often seen mingling with other species in mixed foraging flocks.

One of the most striking features of the black-naped monarch is its sexual dimorphism. Males display a distinctive black patch on the back of their heads and a narrow black half-collar, while females exhibit a more subdued appearance with olive-brown wings and no black markings on their heads. Their calls are reminiscent of the Asian paradise flycatcher.

This bird was first described by Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, in 1779. Belonging to the genus Hypothymis, the black-naped monarch has several subspecies, each with slight variations in plumage color and markings.

Adult males are predominantly pale azure blue with striking black markings, while females are more understated, with grey-brown wings and backs. Depending on the region, breeding populations might show some differences in their markings and colors. These birds thrive in thick forests and wooded areas across tropical southern Asia, ranging from India and Sri Lanka to Indonesia and the Philippines.

Primarily insectivorous, the black-naped monarch often catches its prey mid-air, similar to a flycatcher. They have short legs and an upright posture when perched, giving them a shrike-like appearance. Known for their active behavior, they frequently join mixed-species foraging flocks in the forest understory. During the breeding season, the female builds a cup-shaped nest in tree forks, and both parents participate in raising the young.

While generally resident birds, the black-naped monarch exhibits some local seasonal movements. They face several threats, including entrapment in spider webs, viral infections, and feather mites.