The Descent from the Cross

"The Descent from the Cross" is a remarkable triptych by Peter Paul Rubens, painted between 1612 and 1614. This stunning work can be found in the Cathedral of Our Lady in Antwerp, Belgium, alongside another famous altarpiece by Rubens, "The Elevation of the Cross." The Confraternity of the Arquebusiers, whose patron saint is St. Christopher, commissioned the painting in 1611. Rubens revisited this poignant subject several times throughout his career.

Though distinctly Baroque, the painting draws inspiration from the Venetian tradition and possibly from artists such as Daniele da Volterra, Federico Barocci, and Cigoli. The manner in which Rubens manipulates light and composition in this triptych reflects the influence of Caravaggio during his Roman period. The central panel features nine significant figures: workers carefully lowering Christ's body from the cross, St. John holding Him, the Virgin Mary, Salome, Joseph of Arimathea, and Nicodemus. Rubens incorporates symbolic elements such as the crown of thorns and nails, all set against a darkening sky illuminated by a ray of light that highlights the workers.

In 1794, Napoleon removed both "The Descent from the Cross" and "The Elevation of the Cross" from the cathedral and took them to the Louvre. Fortunately, they were returned to Antwerp in 1815 after Napoleon's defeat. Besides the version in Antwerp, Rubens painted two other interpretations of this moving scene.

"The Descent from the Cross" stands out as a significant piece in Rubens' oeuvre. It showcases his incredible skill in composition, mastery of light, and ability to convey profound emotion in this religious narrative.