Kerry slug

The Kerry slug, also known as the Kerry spotted slug, is a captivating terrestrial mollusk from the Arionidae family. This medium-to-large slug typically measures around 7–8 cm in length and features a dark grey or brown body adorned with yellowish spots. This species primarily inhabits the humid, warm, and acidic environments of southwestern Ireland, northwestern Spain, and central to northern Portugal.

Protected by conservation laws in these regions, the Kerry slug has experienced some success through captive breeding programs. Scientifically known as *Geomalacus maculosus*, its name is derived from the Latin word "macula" meaning "spot." The species was first described by Irish biologist George James Allman in 1843.

Anatomically, the Kerry slug is quite distinctive. It possesses a shell plate, intricate internal organs, specialized muscles, a complex reproductive system, and a specialized feeding apparatus. Mostly active at night, this nocturnal slug exhibits a unique defense mechanism: when threatened, it rolls into a ball. Its diet includes lichens, liverworts, mosses, fungi, and bacteria.

However, the Kerry slug faces several threats, such as habitat alterations, intensified land use, climate change, and air pollution. To mitigate these threats, international conservation measures have been implemented, including protections under the Bern Convention and the EU Habitats Directive. The species is currently listed as "Least Concern" on the IUCN Red List.

In Ireland and the Iberian Peninsula, conservation efforts focus on designating Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) to protect the slug's natural habitats. Monitoring and captive breeding programs are also in place to help sustain and enhance the Kerry slug population, ensuring this unique species continues to thrive.