Beer in Ireland

Brewing in Ireland boasts a long and storied history. In the early 19th century, there were over 200 breweries across the country. However, by 2007, that number had dwindled to around twelve. Historically, Irish ale was brewed without hops, which were largely imported from England during the 18th century. During this time, beer, especially porter, was also increasingly imported from England. To bolster the local brewing industry, the Irish Parliament used taxation to make brewing more favorable than distilling in the 18th century, leading to a flourishing brewing scene.

Fast forward to 2002, and Ireland’s beer market was booming, with annual production exceeding 8 million hectoliters. Lager was the preferred style, closely followed by stout and ale. The iconic Arthur Guinness set up his Dublin brewery in 1759, and it wasn’t long before he switched to producing porter. By the early 20th century, Guinness had become the world’s largest brewer, and stout was dominant in the Irish market. Craft stouts like Shandon Stout and O'Hara's Irish Stout have also gained a loyal following over the years.

Irish red ale is another cherished style, with brands like Smithwick's and O'Hara's Irish Red being household names. Lager brewing in Ireland dates back to the late 19th century, with Harp Lager standing out as a notable brand. The 1990s saw a renaissance in the form of craft breweries, with pioneers like Porterhouse and Hilden Brewery leading the charge.

The craft beer scene in Ireland has experienced three significant waves of growth, with organizations like Beer Ireland supporting new brewers. Despite larger breweries trying to tap into the craft beer market, the industry continues to thrive. There have been instances of consolidation and acquisitions by international breweries, with some independent breweries being bought out and others receiving investments.

Several associations champion the brewing industry in Ireland, including the Irish Brewers Association, Beer Ireland, and the Independent Craft Brewers of Ireland. Beoir, an independent consumer group, also plays a crucial role in supporting Irish microbreweries. However, the term "pseudo-Irish beer" is used to describe beers that claim Irish origins but are actually produced outside of Ireland.

A unique aspect of Irish brewing history is the tradition of spirit groceries, which combined a pub with a retail business. This was a common sight in 19th and early 20th century Ireland, and some of these establishments can still be found in rural areas today.