Rufous hornbill

The rufous hornbill, also known as the Philippine hornbill or locally as the kalaw, is a striking bird native to the Philippines. This large hornbill can be found in primary forests, mature secondary forests, and even in disturbed forest areas across various Philippine islands. While they are quite common in some regions, these birds are increasingly threatened by hunting and habitat destruction.

The color of the rufous hornbill's bill varies depending on the subspecies. The main subspecies features a red bill, whereas others have a bill with a pale yellow hue on the distal half. This bird has earned the nickname "the clock of the mountains" due to its distinctive call that resonates around noon.

In terms of behavior, rufous hornbills display fascinating nesting rituals. The female seals herself inside a nest cavity to lay eggs and raise the young, relying on the male to feed her through a small opening. This nesting period can last anywhere from 4 to 6 months. During this time, the male works tirelessly to provide food for both the female and the chicks. Rufous hornbills form long-term pair bonds, often engaging in courtship feeding to strengthen their relationship.