Rossio Square, Lisbon

Rossio Square, officially known as Praça Dom Pedro IV, is a vibrant and historic plaza located in the heart of Lisbon, Portugal. For centuries, it has been a focal point of the city, a place where locals and tourists mingle against a backdrop of majestic colonial-era architecture and undulating stone patterns that give the square its distinctive wave-like pavement.

The square dates back to the Middle Ages, but much of its current form was shaped in the 18th and 19th centuries. Notable for its harmonious symmetry, Rossio is lined with traditional buildings and cafes, including the famous Café Nicola, a Lisbon institution since the 18th century. The square also features two baroque fountains and a monument to Dom Pedro IV, with four female figures at the base representing Justice, Wisdom, Strength, and Moderation – virtues attributed to the king.

Rossio Square has witnessed many significant events in Portuguese history, serving as a stage for popular revolts, celebrations, and even bullfights. Today, it continues to be a popular meeting spot for Lisbon's inhabitants and a starting point for tourists exploring the city. The square is surrounded by important landmarks, such as the National Theatre D. Maria II, which adds a cultural dimension to this bustling space.