Citadel of Qaitbay, Alexandria

Perched on the edge of the Mediterranean Sea, the Citadel of Qaitbay stands as a formidable monument in the coastal city of Alexandria, Egypt. This historic castle, constructed in the 15th century, is a fine example of military architecture of the time and has become one of Alexandria's most visited attractions.

The Citadel was built in 1477 AD by Sultan Al-Ashraf Sayf al-Din Qa'it Bay on the exact site of the famous Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, which was destroyed by earthquakes in the 14th century. The fortress was erected to protect the city from the threats of the Ottoman Empire and served as a defensive stronghold along the Mediterranean coast.

Over the centuries, the Citadel of Qaitbay has withstood the test of time and military conflicts, including bombardment by the British fleet in the late 19th century. Despite these challenges, much of the structure remains intact, and it has been restored several times to preserve its historical significance and architectural grandeur.

Visitors to the Citadel can explore its robust walls, walk through its maze of stone hallways, and climb the ramparts for a panoramic view of Alexandria's harbor and the Mediterranean Sea. Inside the fortress, there is also a maritime museum showcasing artifacts that tell the story of the Citadel and the naval history of the region.