Shabbat

Shabbat, also known as Shabbos or the Sabbath, is the seventh day of the week in Judaism, devoted to rest and spiritual reflection. It holds significant importance for observant Jews, Samaritans, and some Christian groups, celebrating both the biblical creation narrative and a future Messianic Age. Shabbat commences just before sunset on Friday and concludes when three stars appear in the sky on Saturday night.

The term "Shabbat" derives from the Hebrew verb "shavat" meaning "to cease" highlighting a pause from labor rather than mere repose. It is a joyous day centered on spiritual introspection, family bonding, and cherishing the universe's creation. The observance includes rituals such as lighting candles, reciting blessings, and enjoying three special meals.

Shabbat's origins are deeply rooted in Jewish history and scripture, designating it as a sacred day. It commemorates God's creation, the Israelites' emancipation from slavery, and offers a foretaste of the Messianic Age. Fundamental to Jewish life, Shabbat imposes stringent prohibitions on certain activities, known as melakhot.

Different Jewish denominations have varied interpretations of Shabbat observance. Orthodox and Conservative Jews adhere to the 39 prohibited activities, which include using electricity, driving, and specific forms of labor. Reform and Reconstructionist Jews, however, often permit more personal discretion in observance.

Shabbat encourages activities such as reading religious texts, attending synagogue services, socializing, singing special songs, and spending quality time with family. Special Shabbatot also precede major Jewish holidays, enhancing the day's significance.

While most Christians observe Sunday as a day of worship, some denominations such as Seventh-day Adventists and Seventh Day Baptists observe the seventh-day Sabbath similarly to Jewish tradition. The concept of a regular day of rest is also recognized in various other religions and belief systems.